Sets in Python

 

Sets in Python 

The set in Python is a built-in, mutable, and unordered collection data type that stores unique elements. This means duplicate items are automatically removed. 

Sets are written with curly brackets ({}) or created using the built-in set() function. 

Sets are used to store multiple items in a single variable.

Ex.1

set = {"apple", "banana", "orange"}

print(set)

Output

{'orange', 'banana', 'apple'}

Ex.2

no= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

print(no)

Output

{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Ex.3

Empty Set

Null Set=set()

Ex.4

s = {10, 50, 20}

print(s)

print(type(s))

Output

{10, 50, 20}

<class 'set'>

Duplicates Not Allowed

Duplicate values will be ignored.

Ex.

set = {"apple", "banana", "orange", "apple"}

print(set)

Output

{"apple", "banana", "orange"}

Note:

• True and 1 is considered the same value.

set = {"apple", "banana", "grapes", True, 1, 2}

print(set)

Output

{True, 2,  'banana', 'grapes', 'apple'}

• False and 0 is considered the same value and are treated as duplicates.

set = {"apple", "banana", "grapes", False, True, 0}

print(set)

Output

{False, True, 'apple', 'banana', 'grapes'}

Methods for Sets

add() Function

add() function is used to insert new elements into a set. It automatically ignores duplicates.

Ex.

s = {"a", "b", "c"}

s.add("d")

print(s)

Output

{'c', 'd', 'a', 'b'}

 union() function

 union() function combines two sets and returns a new set with all unique elements.

Ex.

a = {"x", "y"}

b = {"y", "z"}

u = a.union(b)

print(u)

Output

{'z', 'y', 'x'}

intersection() function

intersection() function returns a new set containing elements that are common to both sets.

Ex.

a = {1, 2, 3}

b = {2, 3, 4}

i = a.intersection(b)

print(i)

Output

{2, 3}

difference() function

difference() function returns a set containing elements that are in the first set but not in the second.

Ex.

a = {1, 2, 3}

b = {2, 3, 4}

i = a.difference(b)

print(i)

Output

{1}

clear() function

clear() function removes all elements from a set, leaving it empty.

Ex.

s = {1, 2, 3}

s.clear()

print(s)

Output

set()

pop() function

pop() function removes a random number.

Ex.

s = {1, 2, 3}

s.pop()

print(s)

Output

{2, 3}