JavaScript - Operators

What is an Operator?

Let us take a simple expression 4 + 5 is equal to 9. Here 4 and 5 are called operands and 

‘+’ is called the operator.

JavaScript supports the following types of operators.

1) Arithmetic Operators

2) Comparison Operators

3) Logical (or Relational) Operators

4) Assignment Operators

5) Conditional (or ternary) Operators

Arithmetic Operators

JavaScript supports the following arithmetic operators −

Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then −

Sr. No.	Operator & Description
1	+ (Addition) Adds two operands Ex: A + B will give 30
2	- (Subtraction) Subtracts the second operand from the first Ex: A - B will give -10
3	* (Multiplication) Multiply both operands Ex: A * B will give 200
4	/ (Division) Divide the numerator by the denominator Ex: B / A will give 2
5	% (Modulus) Outputs the remainder of an integer division Ex: B % A will give 0
6	++ (Increment) Increases an integer value by one Ex: A++ will give 11
7	-- (Decrement) Decreases an integer value by one Ex: A-- will give 9

Note − Addition operator (+) works for Numeric as well as Strings. e.g. "a" + 10 will

 give "a10".

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Comparison Operators

JavaScript supports the following comparison operators −

Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then –

 

Sr.No.	Operator & Description
1	= = (Equal) Checks if the value of two operands are equal or not, if yes, then the condition becomes true. Ex: (A == B) is not true.
2	!= (Not Equal) Checks if the value of two operands are equal or not, if the values are not equal, then the condition becomes true. Ex: (A != B) is true.
3	> (Greater than) Checks if the value of the left operand is greater than the value of the right operand, if yes, then the condition becomes true. Ex: (A > B) is not true.
4	< (Less than) Checks if the value of the left operand is less than the value of the right operand, if yes, then the condition becomes true. Ex: (A < B) is true.
5	>= (Greater than or Equal to) Checks if the value of the left operand is greater than or equal to the value of the right operand, if yes, then the condition becomes true. Ex: (A >= B) is not true.
6	<= (Less than or Equal to) Checks if the value of the left operand is less than or equal to the value of the right operand, if yes, then the condition becomes true. Ex: (A <= B) is true.

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Logical Operators

JavaScript supports the following logical operators −

Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then −

Sr. No.	Operator & Description
1	&& (Logical AND) If both the operands are non-zero, then the condition becomes true. Ex: (A && B) is true.
2	|| (Logical OR) If any of the two operands are non-zero, then the condition becomes true. Ex: (A || B) is true.
3	! (Logical NOT) Reverses the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true, then the Logical NOT operator will make it false. Ex: ! (A && B) is false.

 

Logical AND(&&)

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Logical OR( || )

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Logical NOT( ! )

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JavaScript Bitwise Operators

The JavaScript bitwise operators are used to perform bit-level operations

on integers. JavaScript supports the following seven types of bitwise

operators −

Assume variable x holds 2 and variable y holds 3, then −

Operator	Description	Example
& (Bitwise AND)	It performs a Boolean AND operation on each bit of its integer arguments.	(x & y) is 2.
| (Bitwise OR)	It performs a Boolean OR operation on each bit of its integer arguments.	(x | y) is 3.
^ (Bitwise XOR)	It performs a Boolean exclusive OR operation on each bit of its integer arguments. Exclusive OR means that either operand one is true or operand two is true, but not both.	(x ^ y) is 1.
~ (Bitwise Not)	It is a unary operator and operates by reversing all the bits in the operand.	(~y) is -4.
<< (Left Shift)	It moves all the bits in its first operand to the left by the number of places specified in the second operand. New bits are filled with zeros. Shifting a value left by one position is equivalent to multiplying it by 2, shifting two positions is equivalent to multiplying by 4, and so on.	(x << 1) is 4.
>> (Right Shift)	Binary Right Shift Operator. The left operand’s value is moved right by the number of bits specified by the right operand.	(x >> 1) is 1.
>>> (Right shift with Zero)	This operator is just like the >> operator, except that the bits shifted in on the left are always zero.	(x >>> 1) is 1.

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JavaScript Assignment Operators

In JavaScript, an assignment operator is used to assign a value to a

 variable. JavaScript supports the following assignment operators −

Operator	Description	Example
= (Simple Assignment)	Assigns values from the right side operand to the left side operand	z = x + y will assign the value of x + y into z
+= (Add and Assignment)	It adds the right operand to the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand.	z += x is equivalent to z = z + x
−= (Subtract and Assignment)	It subtracts the right operand from the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand.	z -= x is equivalent to z = z - x
*=(Multiply and Assignment)	It multiplies the right operand with the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand.	z *= x is equivalent to z = z * x
/= (Divide and Assignment)	It divides the left operand with the right operand and assigns the result to the left operand.	z /= x is equivalent to z = z / x
%= (Modules and Assignment)	It takes modulus using two operands and assigns the result to the left operand.	z %= x is equivalent to z = z % x

Same logic applies to Bitwise operators so they will become like <<=, >>=,

 >>=, &=, |= and ^=.

 

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JavaScript Ternary Operator 

 

JavaScript Ternary Operator (Conditional Operator) is a concise way to write a

 conditional (if-else) statement. Ternary Operator takes three operands i.e. condition, true

 value and false value. In this article, we are going to learn about Ternary Operator.

 

Ex.1

 

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Ex.2

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Before Giving any Number:

 

 

After Putting Number in the text box:

 After Clicking Check it button

 

 

After Clicking Check it button

After Clicking Check it button

 

 

JavaScript Miscellaneous Operators

There are few other operators supported by JavaScript. These operators

 are conditional operator (? :), typeof operator, delete operator, etc.

In the below table, we have given the JavaScript miscellaneous operators with its

 explanation.

 

Operator	Description
? : (Conditional )	If Condition is true? Then value X : Otherwise value Y
Typeof	It returns the data type of the operand.
?? (Nullish Coalescing Operator)	It returns its right-hand side operand when its left-hand side operand is null or undefined, and otherwise returns its left-hand side operand.
Delete	It removes a property from an object.
, (Comma)	It evaluates its operands (from left to right) and returns the value of the last operand.
() (Grouping)	It allows changing the operator precedence.
Yield	It is used to pause and resume a generator function.
… (Spread)	It is used to expand the inerrable such as array or string.
** (Exponentiation)	Raises the left operand to the power of the right operand

 

 

Typeof Operator

The typeof operator is a unary operator that is placed before its single operand, which

 can be of any type. Its value is a string indicating the data type of the operand.

The typeof operator evaluates to "number", "string", or "boolean" if its operand is a

 number, string, or boolean value and returns true or false based on the evaluation.

Here is a list of the return values for the typeof Operator.

 

Type	String Returned by typeof
Number	"number"
String	"string"
Boolean	"boolean"
Object	"object"
Function	"function"
Undefined	"undefined"
Null	"object"

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